Water wells are excavated into the earth so that groundwater can be accessed for use in domestic and commercial applications. Boring, drilling, driving, and digging are some of the most commonly used techniques in excavating these structures. Which method is chosen for use is often dependent on the type of well among several other factors. To find the best water well drillers West Texas should be the first place one should think about making a trip to. The location is known for experts and service companies that have the highest level of experience and qualification.
Wells have a very long history. Their history is almost as long as human existence itself. Initial types of wells were simple structures that extended only a few meters from the ground surface. However, as technology got better, better ways of excavating wells were discovered. Today, well drilling technology is very sophisticated and better. Machines are available for doing the excavation in a simple, convenient, and more efficient way.
Three main groups of wells exist if classification is done based on what method is used to excavate them. These three groups are dug, driven, and drilled wells. Dug wells are traditional and the oldest ones. They are cheap to excavate, which makes them predominant in rural areas. Compared to dug wells, driven wells have deeper depths and feature more sophistication.
Besides classifying wells according to the method of excavation, they can also be classified according to the type of aquifer they are located in. Under this classification, there are two main classes of wells, that is, shallow/unconfined and deep/confined wells. Wells that only extend to the topmost aquifer are called shallow while those that extend to deeper aquifers are called deep. Deeper aquifers are often located in between impermeable rock strata.
Another way of categorizing wells depends on the purpose the excavation is put to. Under this classification are two types only, that is, monitoring and production/ pumping wells. Production wells get made with comparatively bigger diameters in excess of 15 centimeters at times. Casing of the diameters is done using plastic, metal, and concrete among other materials. Pumping wells are for providing water for various uses.
Monitoring wells also go by the name piezometers. The diameters in these types of wells usually are comparatively much smaller. They find use in monitoring hydraulic head and in sampling groundwater for chemical analysis. Basing on the use of a well to classify it produces vague classifications because monitoring wells can be utilized as pumping wells and vice versa.
Wells, especially shallow ones face a major contamination problem. Contamination comes from chemicals, pathogens, minerals and others. Pathogen contaminants originate from animals and human fecal materials and they include fungi, viruses, bacteria, and parasites. On-site sanitation systems such as septic tanks are the main sources of fecal materials that cause pathogen contamination.
Chemical contaminants are also very common. These ones come from nitrates from fertilizers, sewage, or sewage sludge. Other chemical contaminants are pesticides and VOCs that come from dry-cleaning and gasoline and perchlorate from rocket fuel and airbag inflators. Minerals are also common contaminants in wells due to leaching. Common mineral contaminants are arsenic, radon, uranium, lead, and chromium VI among others.
Wells have a very long history. Their history is almost as long as human existence itself. Initial types of wells were simple structures that extended only a few meters from the ground surface. However, as technology got better, better ways of excavating wells were discovered. Today, well drilling technology is very sophisticated and better. Machines are available for doing the excavation in a simple, convenient, and more efficient way.
Three main groups of wells exist if classification is done based on what method is used to excavate them. These three groups are dug, driven, and drilled wells. Dug wells are traditional and the oldest ones. They are cheap to excavate, which makes them predominant in rural areas. Compared to dug wells, driven wells have deeper depths and feature more sophistication.
Besides classifying wells according to the method of excavation, they can also be classified according to the type of aquifer they are located in. Under this classification, there are two main classes of wells, that is, shallow/unconfined and deep/confined wells. Wells that only extend to the topmost aquifer are called shallow while those that extend to deeper aquifers are called deep. Deeper aquifers are often located in between impermeable rock strata.
Another way of categorizing wells depends on the purpose the excavation is put to. Under this classification are two types only, that is, monitoring and production/ pumping wells. Production wells get made with comparatively bigger diameters in excess of 15 centimeters at times. Casing of the diameters is done using plastic, metal, and concrete among other materials. Pumping wells are for providing water for various uses.
Monitoring wells also go by the name piezometers. The diameters in these types of wells usually are comparatively much smaller. They find use in monitoring hydraulic head and in sampling groundwater for chemical analysis. Basing on the use of a well to classify it produces vague classifications because monitoring wells can be utilized as pumping wells and vice versa.
Wells, especially shallow ones face a major contamination problem. Contamination comes from chemicals, pathogens, minerals and others. Pathogen contaminants originate from animals and human fecal materials and they include fungi, viruses, bacteria, and parasites. On-site sanitation systems such as septic tanks are the main sources of fecal materials that cause pathogen contamination.
Chemical contaminants are also very common. These ones come from nitrates from fertilizers, sewage, or sewage sludge. Other chemical contaminants are pesticides and VOCs that come from dry-cleaning and gasoline and perchlorate from rocket fuel and airbag inflators. Minerals are also common contaminants in wells due to leaching. Common mineral contaminants are arsenic, radon, uranium, lead, and chromium VI among others.
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